Off Roading is a term for driving a specialized vehicle on unpaved roads, such as sand, gravel, riverbeds, mud, snow, rocks, and other natural terrain.
Driving into these terrain require vehicles that have large tires, good ground clearance and front and rear locking differential. Examples of vehicle manufacturers notable for manufacturing types of off-road vehicle (ORV) include AM General, Land Rover, Jeep and Toyota, although most vehicle manufacturers have some sort of off-road vehicle in their current range . These are usually rather costly cars. Off road vehicles are generally characterized by having huge tires with deep, open treads and a tractable suspension, or even caterpillar tracks.
With their adaptability, ORV's have a lot of eager users. Due to off-roading's undeniable popularity, motorsports using ORV's have been launched and this includes Rally, Desert Racing, and Rockcrawling. The three largest types of All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) / Motorcycle competitions are Motocross, Enduro, and also Desert Racing like Dakar Rallye and Baja 1000. The most common use of these vehicles is for sight seeing in areas distant from pavement.
To be able to go off-road, vehicles need to have the following qualities: They need to have a low ground pressure (to avoid sinking in soft ground), they need ground clearance (to avoid hung ups on obstacles) and they need to keep their wheels or tracks (to avoid losing traction).
Wheeled vehicles achieve this by having a proper balance of large or additional tires and tall and resilient suspension.
Tracked vehicles accomplish this by having wide tracks and a flexible suspension on the road wheels.
Picking wheels and tracks must also have cost and suitability in mind. A tracked drivetrain is more costly in terms of maintenance. Wheeled drivetrains are cheaper and give a higher top speed. For pure off-road capabilities the tracked drivetrain has the advantage .
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